# Syntax

Solstice's syntax is similar to that of C-inspired languages, and should be familiar to anyone who has programmed in a language like C, C++, Java, Rust, JavaScript/Typescript, Kotlin, etc, etc.

## Expressions

An expression in Solstice is a combination of operators and values (whether literal or stored in a variable). 

### Expression Types

"Precedence" is a number which dictates the order of execution. The higher the precedence, the sooner an expression will be evaluated.

#### Binary Mathematical

* `+`: Adds two numbers on either side, or concatenates two strings
  * Accepts:
    * Two integers either side
    * Two doubles either side
    * Two strings either side
    * An integer and a double on either side (order not significant)
  * Returns:
    * The sum of both values as an integer if both values are integers
    * The sum of both values as a double if one value is a double and the other is an int, or both values are doubles
    * The concatenated string when both values are strings
  * Precedence: 5
* `-`: Subtracts two numbers on either side
  * Accepts:
    * Two integers either side
    * Two doubles either side
    * An integer and a double on either side (order not significant)
  * Returns:
    * The difference of both values as an integer if both values are integers
    * The difference of both values as a double if one value is a double and the other is an int, or both values are doubles
  * Precedence: 5
* `*`: Multiplies two numbers on either side
  * Accepts:
    * Two integers either side
    * Two doubles either side
    * An integer and a double on either side (order not significant)
  * Returns:
    * The product of both values as an integer if both values are integers
    * The product of both values as a double if one value is a double and the other is an int, or both values are doubles
  * Precedence: 6
* `/`: Divides two numbers on either side
  * Accepts:
    * Two integers either side
      * Two doubles either side
        * An integer and a double on either side (order not significant)
  * Returns:
    * The quotient of both values as an integer if both values are integers
    * The quotient of both values as a double if one value is a double and the other is an int, or both values are doubles
  * Precedence: 6

#### Binary Comparative

* `==`: Checks two values to determine if they are equal
  * Accepts:
    * Any two values either side which are of the same type
    * An integer and a double on either side (order not significant)
  * Returns:
    * `true` if both provided values are exactly the same. 
    * `false` otherwise.
  * Precedence: 2
* `!=`: Checks two values to determine if they are not equal
  * Accepts:
    * Any two values either side which are of the same type
    * An integer and a double on either side (order not significant)
  * Returns:
    * `true` if both provided values are not exactly the same. 
    * `false` otherwise.
  * Precedence: 2
* `>`: Checks two numbers to determine which is greater
  * Accepts:
    * Any two numbers (int or double) either side
  * Returns:
    * `true` if the number provided on the left is greater than the number provided on the right.
    * `false` otherwise.
  * Precedence: 2
* `<`: Checks two numbers to determine which is lesser
  * Accepts:
    * Any two numbers (int or double) either side
  * Returns:
    * `true` if the number provided on the left is lesser than the number provided on the right.
    * `false` otherwise.
  * Precedence: 2
* `>=`: Checks two numbers to determine which is greater, or whether both are equal
  * Accepts:
    * Any two numbers (int or double) either side
  * Returns:
    * `true` if the number provided on the left is greater than the number provided on the right, or if both numbers are equal.
    * `false` otherwise.
  * Precedence: 2
* `<=`: Checks two numbers to determine which is lesser, or whether both are equal
  * Accepts:
    * Any two numbers (int or double) either side
  * Returns:
    * `true` if the number provided on the left is lesser than the number provided on the right, or if both numbers are equal.
    * `false` otherwise.
  * Precedence: 2

## Variables

Variables are defined and modified with the syntax:

```
name = value
```

where:

* `name` is an identifier, and
* `value` is a literal, expression, or identifier previously assigned to a variable.

All variables must have a known type and value at definition time. When updating a variable, the type may not change.


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